亚洲欧美日韩国内激情,国产哺乳奶水在线播放,成人免费污片在线观看,亚洲成人午夜精品电影,97超清视频在线观看,国产亚洲一区二区久久,裸体女生色诱色呦呦网站,亚洲蜜臀精品一区二区三区,五月婷婷综合五月一区二区

Solution
Boiler feedwater treatment systems for power plants, steel mills, chemical plants, etc

Boiler feedwater treatment systems for power plants, steel mills, chemical plants, etc

In the thermal systems of chemical and thermal power plants, the quality of water is an important factor affecting the safety and economic operation of thermal equipment. Natural water contains many impurities. If these water are introduced into thermal equipment without purification treatment, it will cause various hazards due to poor quality of steam and water, mainly scaling, corrosion, and salt accumulation of thermal equipment.
Scaling: Scaling is highly likely to occur in areas with high heat loads, such as boiler tubes and various heat exchangers. The thermal conductivity of scale is several hundred times worse than that of metal, and the scaled metal pipe wall will overheat, reduce strength, and cause damage to the pipeline. Improper treatment of cooling water can cause scaling of condenser copper pipes, reduce heat transfer efficiency, and ultimately lower turbine output.
Corrosion: Poor water quality can cause corrosion of thermal equipment, mainly electrochemical corrosion, which is prone to occur in metal parts that frequently come into contact with water, such as water supply pipelines, economizers, water-cooled walls, superheaters, steam turbines, and condensers. Corrosion will greatly reduce the service life of equipment.
Salt deposition: When steam containing a large amount of impurities passes through the superheater and turbine, impurities will deposit, which is called salt deposition in the superheater and turbine; The accumulation of salt in the superheater may cause tube bursting, and the accumulation of salt in the turbine will greatly reduce the output of the turbine.

Boiler feedwater quality standards

Control project

Standard value and expected value

Overheated steam pressure Mpa

drum boiler

Once-through boiler

3.8~5.8

5.9~12.6

12.7~15.6

>15.6

5.9~18.3

>18.3

Hydrogen conductivity(25℃) μS/cm

Standard value

≤0.30

≤0.30

≤0.15a

≤0.15

≤0.10

Expected value

≤0.10

≤0.10

≤0.08

Hardness/(μmol/L)

Standard value

≤2.0

Dissolved oxygen μg/L

AVT(R)

Standard value

≤15

≤7

≤7

≤7

≤7

≤7

AVT(O)

Standard value

≤15

≤10

≤10

≤10

≤10

≤10

Iron  μg/L

Standard value

≤50

≤30

≤20

≤15

≤10

≤5

Expected value

≤10

≤5

≤3

Copper μg/L

Standard value

≤10

≤5

≤5

≤3

≤3

≤2

Expected value

≤2

≤2

≤1

Sodium  μg/L

Standard value

≤3

≤2

Expected value

 

≤2

≤1

Silica μg/L

Standard value

≤20

≤20

≤20

≤20

≤15

≤10

Expected value

≤10

≤10

≤10

≤10

≤5

Chloride ion /(μg/L)

Standard value

≤2

≤1

≤1

TOCi (μg/L)

Standard value

≤500

≤500

≤200

≤200

≤200

For water-cooled units without condensate polishing and desalination devices, the hydrogen conductivity of the feedwater should not exceed 0.30 μ S/cm.

 

亚洲国产精品无码专区 | 亚洲国产精品无码专区 |